The mexican industry at the beginning of the 21st century:Technological capabilities and foreign investment as determinan
Abstract
Changes in the development model and the accelerated process of globalization in the competition for domestic and foreign markets have presented a challenge Mexican companies of considerable size. Through activities in science, technology and innovation, technological capacity building plays a key role in your success in this environment. This paper studies the generation of technological capabilities to understand the structure and performance of manufacturing in Mexico in the early twenty-first century, emphasizing the role of foreign direct investment. Based on these factors is a classification of sectors that have developed technological capabilities (High-Tech) and sectors that have not (Low-Tech). Special emphasis is placed on the availability of statistical information and its limitations, which will provide a basis on which to developed future studies
Keywords
capabilities, foreign direct investment, manufacturing, industrial classification, Mexico
References
- Aitken, B. y A. Harrison (1991), Are There Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from Panel Data for Venezuela, mimeo, Universidad de Columbia.
- Aitken, B. G. Hanson y A. Harrison (1997), "Spillovers, Foreign Investment and Export Behavior", Journal of International Economics, núm. 43, pp. 103-132.
- Aitken, B. y A. Harrison (1999), "Do domestic firms benefit from Foreign Direct Investment? Evidence from Venezuela", American Economic Review, Vol. 89, núm. 3, pp. 605-619.
- Arias, A. (2003), "Mecanismos de aprendizaje y capacidades tecnológicas: el caso de una empresa del sector curtidor", en Aboites J. y G. Dutrenit (eds.) Innovación, aprendizaje y creación de capacidades tecnológicas, UAM-X, M.A. Porrúa, México.
- Benavente, J. (2006), "The role of research and innovation in promoting productivity in Chile", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 15, núm. 4/5, pp. 301-315.
- Blomström, M. (1986), "Multinationals and Market Structure in Mexico", World Development, Vol. XIV (4), 523-530.
- Blomström, M. y A. Kokko (1997), "How Foreign Investment Affects Host Countries", Policy Research Working Paper, 1745, The World Bank International Economics Department.
- Blomström, M., A. Kokko y M. Zejan (1993), "Host Country Competition, Labour Skills, and Technology Transfer by Multinationals", NBER Working Paper, 4131.
- Blomström, M., A. Kokko y M. Zejan (2000), Foreign Direct Investment Firm and Host Country Strategies, Macmillan, Londres.
- Blomström, M. y A. Persson (1983), "Foreign Investment and Spillover Efficiency in an Underdeveloped Economy: evidence from the Mexican manufacturing Industry", World Development, Vol. 11, núm. 6, pp. 493-501.
- Blomström, M. y F. Sjöholm (1999), "Technology Transfer and Spillovers: Does Local Participation with Multinationals Matter?", European Economic Review, núm. 43.
- Chudnovsky, D., A. López y G. Pupato (2004), "Innovation and productivity in developing countries: A study of Argentine manufacturing firms’ behavior (1992-2001)", Research Policy, Vol. 33, pp. 266-288.
- Cohen, W.M. y D.A. Levinthal (1990), "Absorptive capacity: a new perspective on learning and innovation", Administrative Sciences Quarterly, Vol. XXXV (1), 128-152.
- Comisión Nacional de Inversiones Extranjeras (CNIE) (2010), Informe estadístico sobre el comportamiento de la Inversión Extranjera en México, Enero-Septiembre, México, D.F.
- Dosi, G., C. Freeman, R. Nelson y L. Soete (1988), Technical Change and Economic Theory, Pinter, London, U.K.
- Duguel, E. (2006), "Innovation height, spillovers and TFP growth at a firm level: evidence from French manufacturing", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 15, núm. 4/5, pp. 415-442.
- Dunning, J. (1977), "Trade, Location of Economic Activity and the MNE: a search for an Eclectic Approach", en B. Ohlin, P. Hesselborn y P. Wijkman (eds.), The International Allocation of Economic Activity, Macmillan, Londres.
- Dussel, E. (2009), Don't Expect Apples From a Pear Tree: Foreign Direct Investment and Innovation in Mexico, Discussion Paper Number 28, Working Group on Development and Environment in the Americas.
- Dussel, E. (coord.), L. M. Galindo y E. Loría (2003), Condiciones y efectos de la inversión extranjera directa y del proceso de integración regional en México durante los noventa, Facultad de Economía UNAM, BID y Plaza y Valdés, México.
- Dussel, E. (coord.), L. M. Galindo, E. Loría y M Mortimore (2007), Inversión Extranjera Directa en México: Desempeño y Potencial, Facultad de Economía UNAM, Cechimex, Secretaría de Economía y Siglo XXI, México.
- Eeckhout, J. y B. Jovanovic (2002), "Knowledge spillovers and inequality", American Economic Review, Vol. 95, num. 5, pp. 1290-1307.
- Fransman, M. (1985), "Technological capability in the Third World: an overview and introduction", en M. Fransman y K. King. Technological capability in the Third World, Macmillan, Londres.
- Fransman, F. y K. King (1985), Technological Capability in the Third World, Macmillan, London, U.K.
- Fujii, D. (2004a), "Inversión Extranjera y Productividad en México", Investigación Económica, Vol. LXIII, núm. 248, pp. 147-173.
- Fujii, D. (2004b), "La tecnología y el éxito industrial en México: una propuesta de división sectorial", Revista de Economía Mundial, 10/11, pp. 105-126.
- Fujii, D. (2010), Capacidades tecnológicas e innovación en la industria manufacturera del Estado de México, El Colegio Mexiquense, A.C. y Consejo Mexiquense de Ciencia y Tecnología.
- Globerman, S. (1979), "Foreign Direct Investment and 'Spillover' Efficiency Benefits in Canadian Manufacturing Industries", Canadian Journal of Economics, Vol. 12.
- Grether, J. (1999), "Determinants of Technological Diffusion in Mexican Manufacturing: a Plant-Level Analysis", World Development, Vol. 27, num. 7, pp. 1287-1298.
- Hadad, M. y A. Harrison (1993), "Are there positive Spillovers from Direct Foreign Investment?", Journal of Development Economics, num. 42, pp. 51-74.
- Hernández, C. A. y L. M. Sánchez (2003), "Aprendizaje tecnológico y dinámica industrial", en Aboites, J. y G. Dutrenit (eds.) Innovación, aprendizaje y creación de capacidades tecnológicas, UAM-X, M.A. Porrúa, México.
- Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) (1994), Tablas comparativas SCIAN México 2002-CMAP 1994, recuperado del sitio http://www.inegi.org.mx/sistemas/scian/contenidos/Tablas%20comparativas/Tabla%20Comparativa%20V1.pdf.
- Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) (2005a), Síntesis Metodológica de la Encuesta Industria Anual, Aguascalientes.
- Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía (INEGI) (2005b), Síntesis Metodológica de la Encuesta Industria Anual, edición especial, de 231 clases de actividad económica, Aguascalientes.
- Kokko, A. (1994), "Technology, Market Characteristics and Spillovers", Journal of Development Economics, num. 43, pp. 279-293.
- Kokko, A., R. Tansini y M. Zejan (1996), "Local Technological Capability and Spillovers from FDI in the Uruguayan Manufacturing Sector", Journal of Development Studies, Vol. 34, pp. 602-611.
- Krugman, P. y M. Obstfeld (2000), International Economics: Theory and Policy, Addison-Wesley, Estados Unidos.
- Lall, S. (1992), "Technological capabilities and industrialization", World Development, Vol. XX, num. 2, pp. 165-186.
- Löof, H. y A. Heshmati (2006), "On the relationship between innovation and performance: a sensitivity analysis", Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Vol. 15, núm. 4/5, pp. 317-344.
- Moran, T. (1998), Foreign Direct Investment and Development, Washington Institute for International Economics.
- Markusen, J. (1996), "Multinational Firms, Location and Trade", The Worls Economy, Vol. 21, num. 6, pp. 733-757.
- Nelson, R. y S. Winter (1982), An Evolutionary Theory of Economic Change, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass.
- Pavcnik, N. (2002), "Trade liberalization, exit and productivity improvement: evidence from Chilean paints", Review of Economic Studies, Vol. 69, num. 1, pp. 245-276.
- Pérez-Escatel, A. y O. Pérez Veyna (2009), "Competitividad y acumulación de capacidades tecnológicas en la industria manufacturera mexicana", Investigación Económica, Vol. LXVIII, núm. 268, pp. 159-187.
- Romo, D. (2003), "Derramas tecnológicas de la inversión extranjera en la industria mexicana", Comercio Exterior, Vol. 53, núm. 3, pp. 230-243.
- Romo, D. (2005), Inversión Extranjera, Derramas Tecnológicas y Desarrollo Industrial en México, FCE, México, D.F.
- Romo, D. y P. Hill de Tito (2010), "Los determinantes de las actividades tecnológicas en México", en Bazdresch C. y L. Meza (eds.), La tecnología y la innovación como motores del crecimiento en México, FCE, México, D.F., pp. 73-135.
- Schumpeter, J. (1934), The Theory of Economic Development: An Inquiry into profits, capital, credit, interest and the business cycle, Harvard University Press.
- Sjöholm, F. (1999), "Technology Gap, Competition and Spillovers from Direct Foreign Investment: Evidence from Establishment Data", The Journal of Development Studies, num. 36(1), pp. 53-73.
- Stern, R. (1973), The Balance of Payments: Theory and Economic Policy, Macmillan, Londres.
- Stoneman, P. (ed.) (1995), Handbook of the economics of innovation and technological change, Blackwell.
- Teece, D., R. Rumelt, G. Dosi y S. Winter (1994), "Understanding Corporate Coherence", Journal of Economic Behaviour and Organization, num. 23, pp. 1-30.